Preparation and microwave absorption of Fe3O4 loaded ceramic composite by recycling of coal gangue
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摘要: 本研究以固废煤矸石为主要原料，通过对其进行破碎、球磨、酸洗处理、造粒成球和煅烧得到煤矸石载体，经液相负载与原位碳热还原制得Fe3O4负载的陶瓷复合微波吸收材料，并且研究了Fe3O4负载量对复合材料结构及电磁性能的影响规律。结果表明，当焙烧温度为600 ℃、前驱体溶液浓度为1.25−1.5 mol/L时，复合材料的微波吸收性能最佳，涂层厚度为2.0 mm时的最低反射损耗值和有效吸收带宽分别可达−20.1 dB和4.7 GHz，主要归因于复合材料良好的阻抗匹配与衰减特性。本实验制备流程简单，为固废煤矸石的回收利用提供了新思路，同时也可以降低微波吸收材料的生产成本。Abstract: The Fe3O4 loaded ceramic composite microwave absorbents were successfully prepared by recycling the solid waste coal gangue. First, the coal gangue based matrix was obtained by crushing, ball-milling, acid pickling, granulation and sintering process, and then the subsequent experiment involved loading precursor solution as well as in-situ carbothermal reduction. Moreover, the influence of Fe3O4 loading content on the microstructure and electromagnetic performance was also investigated. It was founded that the ceramic composites exhibited excellent microwave absorption when the reduction temperature kept 600 ℃ and the concentration of precursor solution was 1.25−1.5 mol/L, under which the minimum reflection loss value reached −20.1 dB and the effective absorption bandwidth kept 4.7 GHz as the coating thicknesses was 2.0 mm. This was attributed to the better impedance match and attenuation characteristic. The simple technological process provided in this work could offer a novel method for the recycling of coal gangue, and was beneficial for the low-cost of microwave absorbents.
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Key words:
- coal gangue /
- composites /
- impedance matching /
- microwave absorption
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图 1 复合材料在不同温度下的XRD谱图（a）和Raman光谱谱图（b）
Figure 1 XRD patterns (a) and Raman spectra (b) of composites annealed at different temperatures
图 2 FeG600在不同负载浓度1 mol/L (a)、1.25 mol/L (b)、1.5 mol/L (c)、1.75 mol/L (d) 的SEM照片
Figure 2 SEM images for FeG600 under different concentration 1 mol/L (a), 1.25 mol/L (b), 1.5 mol/L (c), 1.75 mol/L (d) of precursor solution
图 3 FeG600在不同负载浓度下的磁滞曲线
Figure 3 Magnetic hysteresis loops for FeG600 under different concentration of precursor solution
图 4 FeG600在不同负载浓度下1 mol/L (a)、1.25 mol/L (b)、1.5 mol/L (c)、1.75 mol/L (d)的反射损耗三维图
Figure 4 Three-dimensional diagram of reflection loss for FeG600 under different concentration 1 mol/L (a), 1.25 mol/L (b), 1.5 mol/L (c), 1.75 mol/L (d)
图 5 FeG600在不同负载浓度下的复介电常数实部（a）和虚部（b）以及复磁导率实部（c）和虚部（d）随频率的变化
Figure 5 Frequency dependence of ε′ (a), ε″ (b), μ′ (c) and μ″ (d) for FeG600 under different concentration of precursor solution
图 6 FeG600在不同负载浓度下的阻抗匹配特性曲线：1 mol/L (a)、1.25 mol/L(b)、1.5 mol/L(c)、1.75 mol/L (d)
Figure 6 Impedance matching characteristic curves for FeG600 under different concentration 1 mol/L (a), 1.25 mol/L (b), 1.5 mol/L (c), 1.75 mol/L (d) of precursor solution
图 7 FeG600在不同负载浓度下的损耗因子
Figure 7 Loss tangents for FeG600 under different concentration of precursor solution
表 1 文献报道的负载Fe3O4的复合吸波材料性能
Table 1 Microwave absorption of some reported composites loaded with Fe3O4
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