Abstract: The pollution of dioxins emitted from incineration of municipal solid waste has become a serious problem and is paid attention gradually. The details of the mechanism of dioxins formation, detection methods and control technology were discussed. Chromatography, immunology, biology and laser mass spectrometry are main detection methods. HRGC/HRMS, CALUX and EIA have achieved better effects in practice. But each method has its specific application limits. Chromatography can separate dioxins compounds but much labor, high technical skill, long periodicity and extreme cost are required, usually be used in the case of accurate quantitative measurement on each composition and no need to calculate the total amount. Immunology and biology methods take short time and can detect large quantity samples at the same time. They are suitable for the screening of large-scale samples and the detection of total toxic equivalent weight. Laser mass spectrometry has the characteristics such as high selectivity, high sensitivity, multi-component detection and online analysis; but the spectrum structure of the pollutants should be known in advance. The control technology of dioxins mainly concentrated on the fields of improving combustion technology, capturing and decomposing dioxins. The most valid method is improving the incineration process of municipal waste so that dioxins can be eliminated from the source.