Reaction behavior and product formation mechanism of catalytic and thermal pyrolysis of gas oils derived from Canadian synthetic crude oil
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摘要: 利用小型固定流化床实验装置研究了加拿大合成原油重瓦斯油(HGO)和轻瓦斯油(LGO)的催化裂解性能和热裂解性能。HGO和LGO催化裂解总低碳烯烃(乙烯+丙烯+丁烯)产率在660℃附近达到最大值,分别为33.8%和35.6%。HGO和LGO热裂解反应程度很大,700℃的转化率分别为66.7%和76.3%。HGO热裂解总低碳烯烃的产率在680℃达到最大值27.9%。通过对比分析催化裂解与热裂解气体产物产率的比值发现,催化剂的加入促进了乙烯和液化气的生成,同时抑制了甲烷和乙烷的生成。研究结果揭示了小分子烃类的生成机理,甲烷和乙烷主要是自由基反应的产物,乙烯和液化气是自由基反应和正碳离子反应的共同产物。Abstract: The reaction behavior of both catalytic pyrolysis and thermal pyrolysis of HGO (heavy gas oil) and LGO (light gas oil) derived from Canadian synthetic crude oil was investigated in a confined fluidized bed reactor. For the catalytic pyrolysis of HGO and LGO, the yields of total light olefins (ethylene, propylene and butylene) reach a maximum at about 660℃ (33.8% and 35.6%, respectively). The thermal pyrolysis of HGO and LGO is in high extent; the conversions of HGO and LGO at 700℃ reach 66.7% and 76.3%, respectively. For the thermal pyrolysis of HGO, the yield of total light olefins shows a maximum of 27.9% at 680℃. Through comparing the gas product yield of catalytic pyrolysis with that of thermal pyrolysis, it was found that the addition of the catalyst accelerates the formation of ethylene and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and simultaneously restrains the formation of methane and ethane. Current results suggested that methane and ethane are mainly produced by the free radical reaction, while ethylene and LPG are produced by both the free radical reaction and the carbonium ion reaction.
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Key words:
- catalytic pyrolysis /
- thermal pyrolysis /
- gas oil /
- carbonium ion /
- free radical
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