稻草固定床热解过程中不同赋存状态钾的迁移转化行为

赵英杰; 陈雪莉; 陈汉鼎; 刘海峰

稻草固定床热解过程中不同赋存状态钾的迁移转化行为

华东理工大学煤气化及能源化工教育部重点实验室上海市煤气化工程技术研究中心, 上海 200237

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（21306050）；国家科技支撑计划（2012BAA09B02）；新世纪优秀人才支持计划（NCET-12-0854）。

详细信息

通讯作者:
陈雪莉，E-mail：cxl@ecust.edu.cn。

中图分类号: TK6
计量
- 文章访问数: 857
- HTML全文浏览量: 21
- PDF下载量: 646
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2013-10-09
- 修回日期: 2013-12-29
- 刊出日期: 2014-04-30

Transfer of potassium in different forms during pyrolysis of rice straw in a fixed bed reactor

Key Laboratory of Coal Gasification and Energy Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Coal Gasification, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China

摘要

摘要: 选取稻草、水洗稻草及添加质量分数为5%KCl的微晶纤维素颗粒作为热解原料，进行固定床快速和慢速热解，研究稻草热解过程中全钾和四种赋存状态钾的析出规律以及四种赋存状态钾之间的相互迁移转化。结果表明，稻草热解过程中钾的析出率随温度变化分为两个区间，热解温度低于700 ℃时钾的析出率受温度影响较小；热解温度高于700 ℃时四种赋存状态钾相继达到释放点从而导致钾析出率急剧增加；热解过程中钾的析出主要是由水溶态和残渣态钾的减少造成；同时水溶态钾和有机态钾能够发生相互迁移转化；残渣态的碳骨架钾在热解时断裂，一部分转化成水溶态钾，一部分仍以残渣态钾存在。
- 稻草 /
- 固定床 /
- 热解 /
- 钾 /
- 赋存状态 /
- 迁移转化
Abstract: Three materials including raw and water-washed ice straw, and microcrystalline cellulose with 5%KCl loaded were pyrolysed in the fixed bed reactor to investigate the transfer of potassium in four forms. The results indicate that the release of potassium changes little with pyrolysis temperature below 700 ℃, and the release of potassium dramatically increases with pyrolysis temperature above 700 ℃. During the rice straw pyrolysis, the transfer of four forms of potassium takes place, in which the water soluble and the potassium in residue decrease. It is confirmed that the potassium combined with carbon can be partly changed to water soluble, and the water soluble and organically bound potassium can exchange each other during pyrolysis.
- biomass /
- fixed-bed /
- pyrolysis /
- potassium /
- speciation /
- transform and transport

HTML全文

参考文献(23)

ZENG X, MA Y, MA L. Utilization of straw in biomass energy in China[J]. Renew Sus Energy Rev, 2007, 11(5): 976-987.

ZHANG Z, CHEN B, CHEN A, ZHAO W. Barriers to commercialization development of crop straw gasification technology in China and promoting policy design[J]. Part B: Econom, Plan, Pol, 2013, 8(3): 279-289.

LIU H P, FENG Y J, WU S H, LIU D Y. The role of ash particles in the bed agglomeration during the fluidized bed combustion of rice straw[J]. Bioresour Technol, 2009, 100(24): 6505-6513.

TORTOSA MASIA A A, BUHRE B J P, GUPTA R P, WALL T F. Characterising ash of biomass and waste[J]. Fuel Process Technol, 2007, 88(11/12): 1071-1081.

EOM I Y, KIM J Y, KIM T S, LEE S M, CHOI D, CHOI I G, CHOI J W. Effect of essential inorganic metals on primary thermal degradation of lignocellulosic biomass[J]. Bioresour Technol, 2012, 104: 687-694.

HU J L, HE X W, WANG C R, LI J W, ZHANG C H. Cadmium adsorption characteristic of alkali modified sewage sludge[J]. Bioresour Technol, 2012, 121: 25-30.

杨涛. 生物质快速热解气化过程中碱/碱土金属析出规律的试验研究[D]. 武汉: 华中科技大学, 2009.(YANG Tao. Study on the release of AAEMs during biomass rapid pyrolysis and gasification[D]. Wuhan: Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 2009.)

KEOWN D M, FAVAS G, HAYSHIS J I, LI C Z. Volatilisation of alkali and alkaline earth metallic species during the pyrolysis of biomass: Differences between sugar cane bagasse and cane trash[J]. Bioresour Technol, 2005, 96(14): 1570-1577.

JENSEN P A, FRANDEN F J, DAM-JOHANSEN K, SANDER, B. Experimental investigation of the transformation and release to gas phase of potassium and chlorine during straw pyrolysis[J]. Energy Fuels, 2000, 14(6): 1280-1285.

KNUDSEN J N, JENSEN P A, DAM-JOHANSEN K. Transformation and release to the gas phase of Cl, K, and S during combustion of annual biomass[J]. Energy Fuels, 2004, 18(5): 1385-1399.

LINDBERG D, BACKMAN R, CHARTRAND P, HUPA M. Towards a comprehensive thermodynamic database for ash-forming elements in biomass and waste combustion-current situation and future developments[J]. Fuel Process Technol, 2013, 105: 129-141.

陈安合, 杨学民, 林伟刚. 生物质热解和气化过程Cl及碱金属逸出行为的化学热力学平衡分析[J]. 燃料化学学报, 2007, 35(5): 539-547.(CHEN An-he, YANG Xue-min, LIN Wei-gang. Release characteristics of chlorine and alkali metals during pyrolysis and gasification of biomass[J]. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, 2007, 35(5): 539-547.)

BOSTROM D, SKOGLUND N, GRIMM A. Ash transformation chemistry during combustion of biomass[J]. Energy Fuels, 2011, 26(1): 85-93.

PETTERSSON A, ÅMAND L E, STEENARI B M. Chemical fractionation for the characterisation of fly ashes from co-combustion of biofuels using different methods for alkali reduction[J]. Fuel, 2009, 88(9): 1758-1772.

吴晓红. 无机盐在秸秆中的分布及酶解纤维素机理研究[D]. 合肥: 中国科学技术大学, 2009.(WU Xiao-hong. Study on distribution and composition of inorganic salts in straw and mechanism of cellulase[D]. Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2009.)

ANDREA J C, AKAY G. Speciation and distribution of alkali, alkali earth metals and major ash forming elements during gasification of fuel cane bagasse[J]. Fuel, 2012, 91(1): 253-263.

CEN/TS 15290: 2006. Solid biofuels-determination of major elements[S].

BENSON S A, HOLM P L. Comparison of inorganic constituents in three low-rank coals[J]. Ind Eng Chem Prod Res Dev, 1985, 24: 145-149.

ZEVENHOVEN-ONDERWATER M, BACKMAN R, SKRIFAVARS B, HUPA M. The ash chemistry in fluidised bed gasification of biomass fuels. Part 1: Predicting the chemistry of melting ashes and ash-bed material interaction[J]. Fuel, 2001, 80(10): 1489-1502.

LIAW S B, WU H W. Leaching characteristics of organic and inorganic matter from biomass by water: Differences between batch and semi-continuous operations[J]. Ind Eng Chem Res, 2013, 52(11): 4280-4289.

余春江, 骆仲泱, 张文楠, 方梦祥, 周劲松, 岑可法. 碱金属及相关无机元素在生物质热解中的转化析出[J]. 燃料化学学报, 2000, 28(5): 420-425.(YU Chun-jiang, LUO Zhong-yang, ZHANG Wen-nan, FANG Meng-xiang, ZHOU Jing-song, CENG Ke-fa. Inorganic material emission during biomass pyrolysis[J]. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, 2000, 28(5): 420-425.)

KAPTEIJN F, JURIAANS J, MOULIJN J A. Formation of intercalate-like structures by heat treatment of K₂CO₃-carbon in an inert atmosphere[J]. Fuel, 1983, 62(2): 249-251.

WU Y Q, WU S Y, LI Y, GAO J S. Physico-chemical characteristics and mineral transformation behavior of ashes from crop straw[J]. Energy Fuels, 2009, 23(10): 5144-5150.

施引文献

资源附件(0)

访问统计