CaO@SiO<sub>2</sub>纳米固体碱的制备、表征及其大豆油酯交换反应催化性能

石敏; 范明明; 张萍波; 蒋平平

CaO@SiO₂纳米固体碱的制备、表征及其大豆油酯交换反应催化性能

江南大学化学与材料工程学院, 江苏无锡 214122

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 21306063

和江苏省自然科学基金资助 BK20130123

详细信息

中图分类号: TQ517.4
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- HTML全文浏览量: 71
- PDF下载量: 26
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-03-24
- 修回日期: 2016-05-06
- 网络出版日期: 2021-01-23
- 刊出日期: 2016-08-10

Preparation of nano-solid based catalyst CaO@SiO₂ for the transesterification of soybean oil to biodiesel

School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail: pingbozhang@126.com

摘要

摘要: 采用溶胶-凝胶法合成CaO@SiO₂固体碱催化剂，以聚苯乙烯有机聚合物为硬模板剂和以P123为软模板剂对CaO的微观形貌进行调控。并将其应用于大豆油与甲醇的酯交换制备生物柴油的反应体系中。通过对CaO@SiO₂纳米固体碱催化剂进行X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）、CO₂-TPD及N₂的吸附-脱附（BET）表征发现，不仅制备得到了形貌归整的纳米固体颗粒，而且得到了CaO包裹在SiO₂表面的核壳结构。进一步考察了不同的硅钙质量比、反应温度、催化剂的用量以及油醇物质的量比对生物柴油收率的影响，生物柴油的收率最高可以达到95.6%。
- CaO /
- 酯交换反应 /
- 生物柴油 /
- 纳米
Abstract: The CaO@SiO₂ alkaline catalyst was prepared by sol-gel method that chooses polystyrene as hard template and P123 as soft template to control the microstructure. Furthermore, the prepared catalyst was applied to the transesterification of soybean and methanol. Also, the nano-solid based catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), CO₂-TPD and N₂ absorption-desorption (BET). The results show that the catalyst possesses an ordered morphology and core-shell structure. In addition, the effect of the ratio of SiO₂/CaO (mass ratio), reaction temperatures, catalyst dosages and the ratio of oil/methanol (mol ratio) on the yield of biodiesel was examined. Under the best reaction condition, the yield of biodiesel can reach 95.6%.
- CaO /
- transesterification /
- biodiesel /
- nano-catalyst

HTML全文

图 1 CaO@xSiO₂(x=1、5) 和CaO的XRD谱图

Figure 1 XRD patterns of CaO@xSiO₂ (x=1, 5) and CaO

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图 2 焙烧后CaO@xSiO₂(x=1、10) 和CaO的SEM照片

Figure 2 SEM images of calcined CaO@xSiO₂(x=1, 10) ((a), (c)) and calcined CaO (b)

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图 3 CaO@5SiO₂的TEM和HRTEM照片

Figure 3 TEM ((a), (b)) and HRTEM ((c), (d)) images of CaO@5SiO₂

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图 4 CaO@5SiO₂和纯CaO的CO₂-TPD谱图

Figure 4 CO₂-TPD profiles of CaO@5SiO₂ and pure CaO

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图 5 焙烧温度对生物柴油收率的影响

Figure 5 Influence of different calcination temperatures on biodiesel yield

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图 6 焙烧时间对生物柴油收率的影响

Figure 6 Influence of different calcination times on biodiesel yield

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图 7 SiO₂/CaO质量比对生物柴油收率的影响

Figure 7 Influence of different ratios of SiO₂/CaO on biodiesel yield

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图 8 反应温度对生物柴油收率的影响

Figure 8 Influence of reaction temperatures on biodiesel yield

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图 9 催化剂用量对生物柴油收率的影响

Figure 9 Influence of different catalyst dosages on biodiesel yield

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图 10 油醇物质的量比对生物柴油收率的影响

Figure 10 Influence of different ratios of oil/methanol (mol ratio) on biodiesel yield

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表 1 CaO@5SiO₂和CaO的BET分析和生物柴油收率

Table 1 BET analysis of CaO@5SiO₂and CaO and biodiesel yield

Catalyst A /(m²·g^-1) v /(cm³·g^-1) Biodiesel yield w/%

CaO@SiO₂ 2.626 5 0.004 851 95.6

CaO 2.197 1 0.004 191 91.8

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