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轻质煤焦油制备航空航天燃料的工艺研究

白哲 黄澎 王路瑶 曹宏伟 张香文 李国柱

白哲, 黄澎, 王路瑶, 曹宏伟, 张香文, 李国柱. 轻质煤焦油制备航空航天燃料的工艺研究[J]. 燃料化学学报(中英文), 2021, 49(5): 694-702. doi: 10.1016/S1872-5813(21)60062-2
引用本文: 白哲, 黄澎, 王路瑶, 曹宏伟, 张香文, 李国柱. 轻质煤焦油制备航空航天燃料的工艺研究[J]. 燃料化学学报(中英文), 2021, 49(5): 694-702. doi: 10.1016/S1872-5813(21)60062-2
BAI Zhe, HUANG Peng, WANG Lu-yao, CAO Hong-wei, ZHANG Xiang-wen, LI Guo-zhu. A study on upgrading light coal tar to aerospace fuel[J]. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, 2021, 49(5): 694-702. doi: 10.1016/S1872-5813(21)60062-2
Citation: BAI Zhe, HUANG Peng, WANG Lu-yao, CAO Hong-wei, ZHANG Xiang-wen, LI Guo-zhu. A study on upgrading light coal tar to aerospace fuel[J]. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, 2021, 49(5): 694-702. doi: 10.1016/S1872-5813(21)60062-2

轻质煤焦油制备航空航天燃料的工艺研究

doi: 10.1016/S1872-5813(21)60062-2
基金项目: 国家重点研发计划(2016YFB0600305)项目资助
详细信息
    作者简介:

    白哲:baizhe@tju.edu.cn

    通讯作者:

    Tel:022-27892340,E-mail:gzli@tju.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: TQ522.64

A study on upgrading light coal tar to aerospace fuel

Funds: The project was supported by National Key Research and Development Project of China (2016YFB0600305)
  • 摘要: 本研究以煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司提供的轻质煤焦油为原料,开展了提质改性制备航空航天燃料的工艺研究。针对煤焦油原料的特点,设计了一次脱硫-馏分切割-二次脱硫-加氢饱和的工艺路线。使用实验室自制的NiMoW/Al2O3加氢脱硫催化剂和Pd/Al2O3加氢饱和催化剂,通过系统实验获得了最佳工艺操作条件,其中,加氢脱硫的最佳工艺条件为 300 ℃、5 MPa;加氢饱和的最佳工艺条件为 240 ℃、5 MPa。经处理,油品的硫含量由323 mg/kg下降至8.5 mg/kg。原料中的苯、萘等芳烃化合物经处理转化为环烷烃。最终产物油中主要组成为环烷烃与链烷烃,含量分别为58.38%与29.65%。所制备的产品油具有高热值、低硫含量和低不饱和烃的特点,具有作为航空航天燃料应用的潜力。
  • FIG. 661.  FIG. 661.

    FIG. 661.  FIG. 661.

    图  1  NiMoW/Al2O3加氢脱硫催化剂的TEM照片

    Figure  1  TEM images of NiMoW/Al2O3

    图  2  煤焦油加氢工艺流程图

    Figure  2  Process flow chart of coal tar hydrogenation

    图  3  Pd/Al2O3和Al2O3的XRD谱图

    Figure  3  XRD patterns of Pd/Al2O3 and Al2O3

    图  4  原料油的全二维质谱谱图

    Figure  4  GC × GC-MS chromatogram of the raw oil

    图  5  不同温度和压力下一次脱硫后的硫含量

    Figure  5  Sulfur contents of the product oil under different temperature and pressure after primary HDS

    图  6  馏分切割后产物油全二维质谱谱图

    Figure  6  GC × GC-MS chromatogram of the product oil after fraction cutting

    图  7  二次脱硫后产物油的全二维质谱谱图

    Figure  7  GC × GC-MS chromatogram of the product oil after secondary HDS

    图  8  产品油中芳香烃含量随温度和压力的变化

    Figure  8  Aromatic contents of the product oil under different temperature and pressure during hydrosaturation

    图  9  加氢饱和后产品油的全二维质谱谱图

    Figure  9  GC × GC-MS chromatogram of the product oil after hydrogenation saturation

    表  1  原料油的性质

    Table  1  Properties of the raw oil

    Density
    (15 ℃)/
    (g·cm−3)
    Density
    (20 ℃)/
    (g·cm−3)
    Viscosity
    (25 ℃)/
    (m2·s−1)
    Heat of
    combustion
    /(MJ·kg−1)
    0.88570.88204.3542.68
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  原料油的馏分沸程分析

    Table  2  Distillation analysis of the raw oil

    IBPTemperature/℃FBP
    10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
    7096137180215245273291307315327
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  原料油的元素分析

    Table  3  Elements of the raw oil

    w/%
    CHONS
    85.7212.301.770.130.0323
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  原料油的成分组成

    Table  4  Composition of raw oil

    ItemsContent w/%
    Chain alkanes24.47
    Chain olefins5.44
    Cycloalkanes (total: 12.44)monocyclic alkanes8.15
    bicyclic alkanes3.82
    polycyclic alkanes0.47
    Aromatic hydrocarbons (total: 52.12)benzenes6.72
    indenes2.23
    naphthalenes14.19
    biphenyls5.35
    polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons23.62
    Oxygen-containing compounds4.69
    Nitrogen-containing compounds0.84
    Total100.00
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  馏分切割后油品成分组成

    Table  5  Composition of product oil after fraction cutting

    ItemsContent w/%
    Chain alkanes17.85
    Chain olefin6.58
    Cycloalkanes (total: 16.78)monocyclic alkanes6.31
    bicyclic alkanes9.68
    polycyclic alkanes0.79
    Aromatic hydrocarbons (total: 45.22)benzenes10.93
    indenes5.41
    naphthalenes22.93
    biphenyls1.48
    polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons4.47
    Oxygen-containing compounds10.18
    Nitrogen-containing compounds3.39
    Total100.00
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  6  二次脱硫后油品成分组成

    Table  6  Composition of product oil after secondary HDS

    ItemsContent w/%
    Chain alkanes17.94
    Chain olefin7.52
    Cycloalkanes (total: 26.06)monocyclic alkanes10.03
    bicyclic alkanes14.55
    polycyclic alkanes1.48
    Aromatic hydrocarbons (total: 41.42)benzenes9.62
    indenes5.10
    naphthalenes20.19
    biphenyls1.75
    polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons4.76
    Oxygen-containing compounds5.72
    Nitrogen-containing compounds1.34
    Total100.00
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  7  加氢饱和后油品成分组成

    Table  7  Composition of product oil after hydrogenation saturation

    ItemsContent w/%
    Chain alkanes29.65
    Cycloalkanes (total: 58.38)monocyclic alkanes22.22
    bicyclic alkanes28.76
    polycyclic alkanes7.40
    Aromatic hydrocarbons (total: 9.35)benzenes2.23
    indenes1.13
    naphthalenes3.73
    biphenyls0.25
    polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons2.02
    Oxygen-containing compounds2.17
    Nitrogen-containing compounds0.45
    Total100.00
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  8  加氢饱和产品油馏分烃类组成

    Table  8  The composition of product oil after hydrogenation saturation

    Fraction hydrocarbon compositionContent w/%
    Chain alkanes28.7
    Monocyclic alkanes31.2
    Bicyclic alkanes30.4
    Tricyclic alkanes5.9
    Total cycloalkanes67.5
    Total saturated hydrocarbons96.2
    Alkylbenzene3.8
    Indan or tetrahydroindene0
    Indenes0
    Total monocyclic aromatics3.8
    Naphthalene0
    Naphthalenes0
    Acenaphthene0
    Acenaphthylenes0
    Total bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbons0
    Tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbons0
    Total aromatics3.8
    Colloid0
    Total100.0
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  9  产品油性质测试

    Table  9  Properties of product oil

    ItemsProductJP-900
    Density/(g·cm−3)0.81870.87
    Heat of combustion/(MJ·kg−1)46.397 42.8
    Aromatic content3.8 w%1.9 v%
    Sulfur content/%0.000850
    Flash point/℃4161
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2020-12-30
  • 修回日期:  2021-01-27
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-03-09
  • 刊出日期:  2021-05-28

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