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循环流化床煤气化炉灰渣的组成结构特征与热转化性能

胡小波 杨晓勤 莫文龙 张书培 高吉 魏贤勇 樊星

胡小波, 杨晓勤, 莫文龙, 张书培, 高吉, 魏贤勇, 樊星. 循环流化床煤气化炉灰渣的组成结构特征与热转化性能[J]. 燃料化学学报(中英文), 2022, 50(10): 1361-1370. doi: 10.1016/S1872-5813(22)60024-0
引用本文: 胡小波, 杨晓勤, 莫文龙, 张书培, 高吉, 魏贤勇, 樊星. 循环流化床煤气化炉灰渣的组成结构特征与热转化性能[J]. 燃料化学学报(中英文), 2022, 50(10): 1361-1370. doi: 10.1016/S1872-5813(22)60024-0
HU Xiao-bo, YANG Xiao-qin, MO Wen-long, ZHANG Shu-pei, GAO Ji, WEI Xian-yong, FAN Xing. Structural characteristics and thermal conversion performance of ash and slag from circulating fluidized bed gasifier[J]. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, 2022, 50(10): 1361-1370. doi: 10.1016/S1872-5813(22)60024-0
Citation: HU Xiao-bo, YANG Xiao-qin, MO Wen-long, ZHANG Shu-pei, GAO Ji, WEI Xian-yong, FAN Xing. Structural characteristics and thermal conversion performance of ash and slag from circulating fluidized bed gasifier[J]. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, 2022, 50(10): 1361-1370. doi: 10.1016/S1872-5813(22)60024-0

循环流化床煤气化炉灰渣的组成结构特征与热转化性能

doi: 10.1016/S1872-5813(22)60024-0
基金项目: 昌吉州科技支撑产业高质量发展专项课题(2022Z04)“煤炭煤化工提质增效关键技术研发与应用”, 碳基能源资源化学与利用国家重点实验室专项课题“基于准东煤的流化床气化炉元素迁移转化机制及反应器模拟与优化”, 新疆宜化循环流化床煤气化工艺固废综合利用研究与开发, 新疆宜化高碱低灰熔点煤循环流化床气化工艺优化与示范项目资助
详细信息
    作者简介:

    胡小波(1995-)男,陕西宝鸡人,在读硕士研究生。Tel: 15894605546,E-mail: 1142744208@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    E-mail: mowenlong@xju.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: TQ536.4

Structural characteristics and thermal conversion performance of ash and slag from circulating fluidized bed gasifier

Funds: The project was supported by High Quality Development Special Project for Science and Technology Supporting Industry from Changji, Xinjiang, China (2022Z04) "Research, Development and Application of Key Technologies for Improving Quality and Efficiency in Coal Chemical Industry", Special Project from the State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon based Energy Resources "Element Migration and Transformation Mechanism and Reactor Simulation and Optimization of Fluidized Bed Gasifier Based on Zhundong coal", Research and Development on Comprehensive Utilization of Solid Waste in Xinjiang Yihua Circulating Fluidized Bed Coal Gasification Process, Optimization and Demonstration of Circulating Fluidized Bed Gasification Process of High Alkali and Low Ash Melting Point Coal of Xinjiang Yihua
  • 摘要: 通过工业分析、元素分析和傅里叶红外光谱测试基于循环流化床的新疆准东煤(ZDC)气化灰渣(FA:飞灰;BA:底渣),获得灰渣的基本性质和官能团种类。结果显示,BA的灰分含量高达99.30%,而FA的固定碳和碳元素含量较高,分别为69.30%和73.78%。进一步采用Raman、XRPES和SEM表征ZDC和FA的碳质形式和表面形貌,利用TG-DTG技术考察ZDC和FA的热解、燃烧和气化反应特性。XRPES结果显示,FA表面C元素含量为89.42%,主要以>C−C<和>C−H的形式存在,而O元素主要以>C=O的形式存在。碱土金属Ca与上述涉碳官能团结合,导致FA无序程度较高。SEM观察到熔融矿物质球形颗粒附着和镶嵌在FA表面和孔道中,导致表面粗糙多孔。热转化特性显示,FA的热解和燃烧最大失重速率峰温度均较ZDC明显升高,表明FA的热解和燃烧性能降低。然而,FA的100%碳转化率所用气化时间仅为ZDC的一半,气化性能显著提高,原因在于FA具有发达的孔道结构、较多的无定形碳及丰富的活性位点,强化了气化剂CO2的扩散过程。因此,FA可直接回收用作循环流化床的气化原料。
  • FIG. 1934.  FIG. 1934.

    FIG. 1934.  FIG. 1934.

    图  1  工业循环流化气化炉示意图

    Figure  1  Diagram of the industrial CFB gasifier

    图  2  ZDC、FA和BA的红外光谱谱图

    Figure  2  FT-IRS spectra of ZDC, FA and BA

    图  3  ZDC和FA的拉曼光谱谱图及拟合峰

    Figure  3  Raman spectra and the fitting peaks of ZDC and FA

    图  4  ZDC和FA的Raman光谱谱图

    Figure  4  Result of Raman spectra of ZDC and FA

    图  5  ZDC和FA的C 1s和O 1s光谱谱图及其拟合曲线

    Figure  5  C 1s and O 1s spectra and their fitting curves of ZDC and FA

    图  6  ZDC和FA的扫描电子显微镜照片

    Figure  6  Scanning electron microscope images of ZDC and FA

    图  7  ZDC和FA热解的TG和DTG曲线

    Figure  7  Pyrolysis TG and DTG curves of ZDC and FA

    图  8  ZDC和FA燃烧的TG和DTG曲线

    Figure  8  Combustion TG and DTG curves of ZDC and FA

    图  9  ZDC和FA的气化反应性(a)碳转化率和时间(b)反应速率和碳转化率

    Figure  9  Gasification reactivity of ZDC and FA (a) Carbon conversion versus time and (b) reaction rate versus carbon conversion

    表  1  样品的工业分析和元素分析

    Table  1  Proximate and ultimate analyses

    SampleProximate analysis wad/%LOI /%Ultimate analysis wdaf/%H/CQHHV/
    (MJ·kg−1)
    MAVFCCHNO*S
    ZDC10.962.7327.7958.5268.424.272.6324.200.480.7528.00
    FA1.2723.685.7569.3073.780.572.5022.111.040.0925.53
    BA0.3099.300.300.100.840.550.042.250.35
    ad: air-dry basis; daf: dry and ash-free basis; M: moisture; A: ash; V: volatile matter; FC: fixed carbon; LOI: A weight loss percentage on ignition (900 ℃, 30 min); *: by difference
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  ZDC、FA和BA的灰成分分析

    Table  2  Ash compositions of ZDC, FA and BA

    SampleContent w/%
    CaOFe2O3SO3MgONa2OAl2O3SiO2SrOClK2OTiO2
    ZDC47.9720.4511.375.324.392.652.561.891.800.100.35
    FA37.539.1611.6512.953.197.5811.351.302.431.030.76
    BA36.779.770.8012.802.138.4725.461.030.140.530.93
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  ZDC和FA的Raman光谱拟合峰归属和面积比例

    Table  3  Assignment and area of Raman spectrum fitting peaks of ZDC and FA

    BandCenter /cm−1AssignmentArea /%
    ZDCFA
    G1580stretching vibration mode of carbon atom in the graphite crystalline27.5225.32
    D11350the vibration of disordered graphitic lattices within plan imperfections,
    such as defects and heteroatoms
    32.6537.59
    D21620vibration mode involving graphene layers9.585.03
    D31530amorphous sp2-band forms, including organic molecules, fragments, or
    functional groups, and in poorly organized carbonaceous materials
    17.7920.47
    D41200mixed sp2-sp3 mixed bond in poorly organized structures,
    such as the periphery of crystallites
    12.4511.59
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  ZDC和FA中C和O的分布形式

    Table  4  Distribution of C and O forms in ZDC and FA from analysis with XRPES

    Elemental peakFunctionalityBinding energy /eVMolar content /%
    ZDCFA
    C 1s>C−C<284.452.9245.42
    >C−H285.230.0630.52
    >C−O−286.39.363.21
    >C=O287.35.642.91
    −COO−288.62.0111.10
    π−π*291.56.84
    O 1s>C=O531.619.3057.65
    >C−OH532.433.7719.65
    >C−O−533.126.7214.02
    −COOH534.120.208.68
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  ZDC和FA燃烧曲线的特征参数

    Table  5  Combustion characteristic parameters of ZDC and FA

    Samplets /℃tmax /℃tf /℃(dw/dt)max /(%·min−1)(dw/dt)mean /(%·min−1)S/(%2·min−2·℃−3)D/(%·min−1·℃−2)
    ZDC368.2411.0630.122.366.5021.5×10−71.48×10−4
    FA456.8479.2634.320.354.206.54×10−77.71×10−4
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2022-03-16
  • 修回日期:  2022-04-17
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