Experimental research on removal of fine particles and heavy metals by chemical agglomeration from the flue gas of 435 m2 sintering machine
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摘要: 针对某435 m2烧结机机头,在静电除尘器前安装化学团聚强化除尘系统,研究化学团聚强化细颗粒物及重金属(As、Cr、Cd、Ni、Cu、Pb、Zn七种)脱除特性。实验结果表明,化学团聚后,细颗粒团聚成较大颗粒,静电除尘器后烟气中PM10、PM2.5、PM1颗粒质量浓度均降低49%以上,静电除尘器飞灰平均粒度增长46%以上,细颗粒物团聚效果显著,提升了静电除尘器脱除细颗粒物效率;静电除尘器飞灰及细颗粒物中重金属质量浓度上升,静电除尘器后烟气中重金属质量浓度均下降,表明化学团聚作用促使气态重金属向颗粒态重金属及飞灰中迁移,细颗粒重金属团聚长大。化学团聚不仅可以强化细颗粒物的脱除,同时有效提升了重金属的脱除效率。Abstract: Aiming at the head of a 435 m2 sintering machine, the research on the removal characteristics of chemical agglomeration strengthening of fine particles and heavy metals (As, Cr, Cd, Ni, Cu, Pb, Zn, etc.) was carried out by installing chemical agglomeration enhanced dust removal system in front of ESP. The test results show that after chemical agglomeration, the mass concentration of PM10, PM2.5, PM1 particles in the flue gas after the ESP is reduced by more than 49%, the average particle size of fly ash is increased by more than 46%, and the fine particles remove efficiency of ESP is promoted. After chemical agglomeration, the mass concentrations of seven heavy metals in fine particulate matter and fly ash increase, and the mass concentrations of gaseous heavy metals in the flue gas after the ESP decrease. It shows that agglomeration promotes the migration of gaseous heavy metals into fly ash particles, promotes the agglomeration and growth of fine particulate heavy metals. Chemical agglomeration can not only enhance the removal of fine particles, but also effectively improve the removal efficiency of heavy metals.
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表 1 飞灰XRD半定量分析
Table 1 XRD semi-quantitative analysis results of fly ash
Sample Content w/% Fe2O3 CaSO4 CaMg(CO3)2 CaCO3 SiO2 KCl Fly ash before agglomeration 30.6 19.1 29.9 9.8 3.5 7.1 Fly ash after agglomeration 29.8 19.7 29.5 10.4 4.4 6.2 表 2 固体产物中无机元素含量
Table 2 The content of inorganic elements in the solid product
Element Sinter First electric field fly ash/% Second electric field fly ash/% Third electric field fly ash/% before agglomeration after agglomeration before agglomeration after agglomeration before agglomeration after agglomeration Mg 1.48 0.76 1.92 0.77 1.82 0.68 2.02 Al 1.35 1.28 1.57 1.28 1.15 1.28 1.63 Si 5.09 1.90 3.37 1.78 3.77 1.52 3.72 P 0.62 0.15 0.32 0.29 0.27 0.29 0.32 S 3.01 4.07 3.67 3.22 3.18 3.43 2.66 Cl 0.26 24.32 22.26 25.35 21.73 34.22 21.70 K 0.02 3.40 2.21 1.51 1.33 2.35 1.39 Ca 11.42 9.73 11.84 10.11 11.56 8.97 11.54 Mn 0.17 0.19 0.19 0.21 0.16 0.22 0.23 Fe 76.55 51.01 50.90 53.56 53.25 43.97 53.13 Pb 0.02 1.73 1.75 1.91 1.78 2.89 1.64 表 3 固体产物中重金属含量
Table 3 Content of heavy metals in the solid product (μg·g−1)
Element Sinter First electric field fly ash Second electric field fly ash Third electric field fly ash before agglomeration after agglomeration before agglomeration after agglomeration before agglomeration after agglomeration As 19.41 46.91 52.42 44.84 48.06 47.09 64.74 Cr 10.70 18.77 21.48 18.11 23.85 21.99 32.84 Cd 0.25 145.38 222.01 152.67 222.38 167.05 221.59 Cu 12.54 403.24 432.48 459.30 464.55 481.48 492.90 Ni 8.48 7.25 10.16 12.88 16.65 14.56 30.70 Pb 10.89 3994.96 4263.50 4350.94 4581.20 5327.82 5684.38 Zn 102.89 1350.02 1440.37 1534.94 1633.35 1546.68 1737.77 -
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