生物质热解过程中氮元素迁移转化机制研究进展

陆强; 赵微; 夏源谷; 刘吉; 蒙含仙; 郭学文; 胡锶菡; 胡斌

doi:10.19906/j.cnki.JFCT.2023025

生物质热解过程中氮元素迁移转化机制研究进展

doi: 10.19906/j.cnki.JFCT.2023025

陆强^1,,
赵微^1,,
夏源谷^1,,
刘吉^{1, 2, ,},
蒙含仙^1,,
郭学文^1,,
胡锶菡^1,,
胡斌^1,

1.
华北电力大学新能源发电研究中心, 北京 102206
2.
华北电力大学苏州研究院, 江苏苏州 215123

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52006069, 52276189），江苏省自然科学基金（BK20221248）和中央高校基本科研业务费（2020DF01, 2020MS020）资助

详细信息

通讯作者:
Tel: 01061772030, E-mail: liujipower@126.com

中图分类号: TK6
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-01-05
- 修回日期: 2023-02-26
- 录用日期: 2023-03-22
- 网络出版日期: 2023-04-06
- 刊出日期: 2023-08-01

Research on the migration and transformation mechanism of nitrogen during biomass pyrolysis

LU Qiang^1
,,
ZHAO Wei^1
,,
XIA Yuan-gu^1
,,
LIU Ji^{1, 2
, ,},
MENG Han-xian^1
,,
GUO Xue-wen^1
,,
HU Si-han^1
,,
HU Bin^1
,

1.
National Engineering Research Center of New Energy Power Generation, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
2.
Suzhou Institute of North China Electric Power University, Suzhou 215123, China

Funds: The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52006069, 52276189), Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20221248) and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2020DF01, 2020MS020)

摘要

摘要: 利用热解技术将生物质转化为高值含氮化学品或含氮炭材料能够显著提升生物质的利用价值，且明显降低含氮物质带来的环境污染风险。因此，明晰热解过程中氮元素的迁移转化机制对促进生物质热解技术的开发具有重要意义。本研究归纳了不同种类生物质中氮元素的赋存形式及含量；以固、液、气相热解产物中氮元素的分布为基础，概述了氮元素从生物质向热解产物迁移转化的反应机制；总结了燃料性质、预处理方法及热解条件对氮元素迁移转化的影响，并对未来生物质热解过程中氮元素迁移转化机制的研究方向进行了展望。
- 生物质 /
- 热解 /
- 含氮化合物 /
- 迁移转化
Abstract: Biomass can be converted into high-value nitrogen-containing chemicals and nitrogen-containing carbon materials by pyrolysis technique, which significantly increases the value of biomass and lowers the risk of environmental pollution by nitrogen-containing pollutants. Therefore, a good understanding of the migration and conversion mechanisms of nitrogen during pyrolysis is critical for the advancement of biomass pyrolysis technique. Herein, the forms and contents of nitrogen in biomass were first summarized. Afterward, the transformation process of nitrogen from biomass to pyrolysis products was discussed based on the distribution of nitrogen in the solid, liquid, and gaseous pyrolysis products. Finally, the effects of fuel properties, pretreatment methods and pyrolysis conditions on the migration and transformation of nitrogen were discussed carefully. In addition, an outlook for future research on nitrogen migration in biomass pyrolysis process was provided.
- biomass /
- pyrolysis /
- nitrogen-containing compounds /
- migration and transformation

HTML全文

FIG. 2571. FIG. 2571.

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图 1 生物质热解过程中氮元素的迁移特性^[28,29]

Figure 1 Migration characteristics of nitrogen during biomass pyrolysis ^[28,29]

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图 2 蛋白质氮的迁移转化^[29,35]

Figure 2 Migration and transformation of protein nitrogen ^[29,35]

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图 3 吡啶热解的初始反应^[42]

Figure 3 Initial reactions of pyridine pyrolysis ^[42]

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图 4 2,5-二酮哌嗪的分解模式^[43,46]

Figure 4 Decomposition mode of 2,5-diketopiperazine ^[43,46]

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图 5 CH₃CN的分解机制^[48]

Figure 5 Pyrolysis mechanism of acetonitrile ^[48]

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图 6 预处理方式^[71]

Figure 6 Pretreatment methods ^[71]

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表 1 生物质中常见氮的赋存形式

Table 1 Forms of nitrogen in biomass

N-functionalitie	Structure	N-functionalities	Structure
Protein		Alkaloids (caffeine)
Free amino acids		Inorganic-N	${\bf{NO}}_3^- $，${\bf{NO}}_2^- $，${\bf{NH}}_4^+ $
Nucleic acids and mononucleotides		Chlorophyll

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表 2 矿物成分对含氮化合物生成的影响

Table 2 Effect of mineral composition on nitrogen-containing compounds formation

Biomas	Temperature /℃	Mineral components	Mineral components： Raw materials	Effects on nitrogenous compounds	Ref.
Microalgae	450–600	Li₂CO₃-Na₂CO₃-K₂CO₃	−	amines↓	[59]
				N-heterocycles↓
				nitriles↑
Bean	400–800	Fe₂O₃	1∶10	amines↑	[60]
				N-heterocycles↓
				nitriles↓
		Al₂O₃	1∶10	amines↓
				N-heterocycles↓
				nitriles (unchanged)
		CaO	1∶10	amines↓
				N-heterocycles↓
				nitriles (first↑, then↓)
Protein	600	Ca(OH)₂	1∶1	amines↓ N-heterocycles↓ nitriles↓	[58]
		Fe₂(SO₄)₃	1∶1	amines↓ N-heterocycles (unchanged) nitriles↑
		Ca(OH)₂ + Fe₂(SO₄)₃	1∶1∶1	amines↓ N-heterocycles↓ nitriles↑
Sludge sewage	600	CaO	3:10	amines↓ N-heterocycles↓ nitriles↑	[56]
		FeSO₄	0.4∶10	amines↑， N-heterocycles↓ nitriles↑
		CaO + FeSO₄	3∶0.4	amines↓ N-heterocycles↓ nitriles↑
Sludge sewage	100–900	MgO	1∶10	All↓	[61]

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