Transformation of chlorine in NaCl-loaded Victorian brown coal during the gasification in steam

ZHANG Shu; Mohammad Asadullah; Rosalie Hocking; LIN Jian-ying; LI Chun-zhu

Volume 40 Issue 12

Dec. 2012

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology > 2012 > 40(12): 1409-1414

ZHANG Shu, Mohammad Asadullah, Rosalie Hocking, LIN Jian-ying, LI Chun-zhu. Transformation of chlorine in NaCl-loaded Victorian brown coal during the gasification in steam[J]. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, 2012, 40(12): 1409-1414.

Citation:

ZHANG Shu, Mohammad Asadullah, Rosalie Hocking, LIN Jian-ying, LI Chun-zhu. Transformation of chlorine in NaCl-loaded Victorian brown coal during the gasification in steam[J]. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, 2012, 40(12): 1409-1414.

Citation:

ZHANG Shu, Mohammad Asadullah, Rosalie Hocking, LIN Jian-ying, LI Chun-zhu. Transformation of chlorine in NaCl-loaded Victorian brown coal during the gasification in steam[J]. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, 2012, 40(12): 1409-1414.

PDF( 567 KB)

Transformation of chlorine in NaCl-loaded Victorian brown coal during the gasification in steam

1.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia;
2.
Fuels and Energy Technology Institute, Curtin University of Technology, Perth 6845, Australia;
3.
Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Malaysia;
4.
Monash Centre for Synchrotron Science and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia;
5.
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China

Received Date: 2012-08-28
Rev Recd Date: 2012-09-26
Publish Date: 2012-12-31

Abstract

Abstract

This study is to examine the changes in Cl volatilizations and chemical forms in NaCl-loaded Victorian brown coal during gasification in steam at 800 ℃ using Cl K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. The char samples were prepared in a novel one-stage fluidised-bed/fixed-bed quartz reactor at a fast heating rate. The samples were then collected and sealed in an argon-filled bag in order to minimise possible oxidation of char and Cl by air prior to analysis by XANES. Char-steam reactions were found to significantly affect the transformation of Cl, including the possible formation of chlorine-containing organic structures. On the other hand, volatile-char interactions during the gasification appeared to enhance the Cl retention and prevent the formation of organic chlorine compounds in chars.
- chlorine,
- gasification,
- volatile-char interactions,
- XANES

FullText(HTML)

References(30)

References

GLUSKOTER H J. Chlorine in coals of the Illinois basin[J]. Trans Soc Min Eng, 1967, 238(4): 373-379.

CASWELL S A, HOLMES I F, SPEARS D A. Total chlorine in coal seam profiles from the South Staffordshire (Cannock) Coalfield[J]. Fuel, 1984, 63(6): 782-787.

GOODARZI F. Mineralogy elemental composition and mode of occurrence of elements in Canadian feed-coals[J]. Fuel, 2002, 81(9): 1199-1213.

[JP]

HOWER J C, RILEY J T, THOMAS G A, GRISWOLD T B. Chlorine in Kentucky coals[J]. Coal Qual, 1991, 10(7): 152-158.

VASSILEV S V, ESKENAZY G M, VASSILEVA C G. Contents modes of occurrence and origin of chlorine and bromine in coal[J]. Fuel, 2000, 79(8): 903-921.

CRESSEY B A, CRESSEY G. Preliminary mineralogical investigation of Leicestershire low-rank coal[J]. Int J Coal Geol, 1998, 10(2): 177-191.

[JP]

LEE R J, HUGGINS F E, HUFFMAN G P. Correlated Mossbauer-SEM studies of coal mineralogy[J]. Scan Electron Microsc, 1978, 1(5): 561-568.

DAYBELL G N, PRINGLE W J S. The mode of occurrence of chlorine in coal[J]. Fuel, 1978, 37(3): 283-292.

REYNOLDS F M. The occurrence of vanadium, chromium, and other minor unusual elements in certain coals[J]. J Soc Chem Ind, 1948, 67(9): 341-345.

OAKEY J E, MINCHENER A J, HODGES N J. The use of highchlorine coals in industrial boilers[J]. J Inst Energy, 1991, 64(3): 3-11.

DEMIR I, CHOU C L, CHAVEN C. Abundances and leachabilities of sodium and chlorine in lithotypes of Illinois Basin coals[C]// Chyi L L. Recent Advances in Coal Geochemistry. Colorado: Geological Society of America, 1990: 73-85.

LI W, LU H , CHEN H , LI B . The volatilization behavior of chlorine in coal during its pyrolysis and CO₂-gasification in a fluidized bed reactor[J]. Fuel, 2005, 84(14/15): 1874-1878.

HUGGINS F E, HUFFMAN G P. Chlorine in coal: An XAFS spectroscopic investigation[J]. Fuel, 1995, 74(4): 556-569.

YUDOVICH Y E, KETRIS M P. Chlorine in coal: A review[J]. Int J Coal Geol, 2006, 67(1/2): 127-144.

QUYN D M, WU H, LI C-Z. Volatilisation and catalytic effects of alkali and alkaline earth metallic species during the pyrolysis and gasification of Victorian brown coal: Part I Volatilisation of Na and Cl from a set of NaCl-loaded samples[J]. Fuel, 2002, 81(2): 143-149.

LI X, HAYASHI J I, LI C-Z. Volatilisation and catalytic effects of alkali and alkaline earth metallic species during the pyrolysis and gasification of Victorian brown coal: Part VII Raman spectroscopic study on the changes in char structure during the catalytic gasification in air[J]. Fuel, 2006, 85(10/11): 1509-1517.

LI X, LI C-Z. Volatilisation and catalytic effects of alkali and alkaline earth metallic species during the pyrolysis and gasification of Victorian brown coal: Part VIII Catalysis and changes in char structure during gasification in steam[J]. Fuel, 2006, 85(10/11): 1518-1525.

LI X, HAYASHI J I, LI C-Z. FT-Raman spectroscopic study of the evolution of char structure during the pyrolysis of a Victorian brown coal[J]. Fuel , 2006, 85(12/13): 1700-1707.

LI X, LI C-Z. FT-Raman spectroscopic characterisation of chars from the pyrolysis of coals of varying rank[J]. J Fuel Chem Technol, 2005, 33(4): 385-390.

SRINIVASACHAR S, HELBLE J J, HAM D O, DOMAZETIS G A. Kinetic description of vapor phase alkali transformations in combustion systems[J]. Prog Energy Combust Sci, 1990, 16(4): 303-309.

MANZOORI A R, AGARWAL P K. The fate of organically bound inorganic elements and sodium chloride during fluidized bed combustion of high sodium, high sulphur low rank coals[J]. Fuel, 1992, 71(5): 513-522.

CASWELL S A, HOLMES I F, SPEARS D A. Water-soluble chlorine and associated major cations from the coal and mudrocks of the Cannock and North Staffordshire coalfields[J]. Fuel, 1984, 63(6): 774-781.

PEARCE W C, HILL J W F. The mode of occurrence and combustion characteristics of chlorine in British coal[J]. Prog Energy Combust Sci, 1986, 12(2): 117-162.

GLUSKOTER H J, RUCH R R. Chlorine and sodium in Illinois coals as determined by neutron activation analyses[J]. Fuel, 1971, 50(1): 65-76.

[JP]

DANN T E, CHUNG S C, HUANG L J, JUANG J M, CHEN C L, TSANG K L. A high performance double-crystal monochromator soft X-ray beamline[J]. J Synchrotron Rad, 1998, 5(3): 664-666.

TENDERHOLT A, HEDMAN B, HODGSON K O. PySpline: A modern cross-platform program for the processing of raw averaged XAS edge and EXAFS data[C]// Proceedings of 13th International Conference on XAFS, Stanford, California, 2006: 105-107.

ZHANG S, ASADULLAH M, HOCKING R, LIN J Y, LI C-Z. Investigation of chlorine transformation during the pyrolysis of NaCl-loaded Victorian brown coal using XANES[C]// Engineering Our Future: Are we up to the Challenge (Chemeca), Burswood Entertainment Complex,Barton, ACT, 2009: 27-30.

ZHANG S, HAYASHI J I, LI C-Z. Volatilisation and catalytic effects of alkali and alkaline earth metallic species during the pyrolysis and gasification of Victorian brown coal: Part IX Effects of volatile-char interactions on char-H₂O and char-O₂ reactivities[J]. Fuel, 2011, 90(4): 1655-1661.

BAYARSAIKHAN B, SONOYAMA N, HOSOKAI S, SHIMADA T, HAYASHI J I, LI C-Z. Inhibition of steam gasification of char by volatiles in a fluidized bed under continuous feeding of a brown coal[J]. Fuel, 2006, 85(3): 340-349.

ZHANG S, MIN Z, TAY H L, ASADULLAH M, LI C-Z. Effects of volatile-char interactions on the evolution of char structure during the gasification of Victorian brown coal in steam[J]. Fuel, 2011, 90(4): 1529-1535.

Relative Articles

Supplements(0)

Cited By

Proportional views