Gas-phase hydrogenation of maleic anhydride to γ-butyrolactone over CeO2-promoted Cu-ZnO catalysts
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Graphical Abstract
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Abstract
A series of CeO2 promoted Cu-ZnO catalysts with different CeO2 content were prepared by co-precipitation method and characterized by X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption-desorption (BET), hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction, N2O chemisorption, and H2 chemisorption. Hydrogenation of maleic anhydride to γ-butyrolactone was conducted over these catalysts in a fixed-bed continuous-flow reactor. Addition of CeO2 not only influenced the catalyst structure significantly by decreasing the CuO particle size, increasing the BET surface area, and Cu0 active area, but also had a significant enhancements in both reducibility and H2 uptakes of the catalysts. Promotion of CeO2 resulted in proper structural and good reducibility, which significantly increased the activity and the stability. With 3%~5% of CeO2 , CeO2-promoted Cu-ZnO catalysts showed highest activity and stability for the titled reaction.
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