Abstract: The pyrolysis of syringol as lignin model compound was investigated using density functional theory methods at B3LYP/6-31G++ (d, p) level. Three possible pyrolytic pathways were proposed and the equilibrium geometries of the reactants, transition states, intermediate and products were fully optimized. The standard kinetic parameters in each reaction pathway were calculated and the formation and evolution mechanism of main pyrolysis products were analyzed. Bond dissociation energies calculation results show that the bond dissociation energy of CH₃-O of syringol is the lowest and the order of all kinds of bond dissociation energy is CH₃-O < O-H < CH₃O-C_aromatic < CH₂-H < HO-C_aromatic < C_aromatic-H. In reaction pathway 1 and 2, the main pyrolysis product is 3-methoxycatechol and 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol, respectively. The total energy barrier is 366.6 and 474.8 kJ/mol in pathway 1 and 2, respectively. For reaction pathway 3, the total energy barrier of o-methoxyphenol formation is as low as 21.4 kJ/mol, which shows that addition of hydrogen to the carbon atom connected with methoxyl can effectively lower the reaction energy barrier of demethoxy reaction of lignin model syringol.