Abstract: High-temperature solid oxide electrolysis of CO₂ is an efficient, green and flexible method of CO₂ conversion and utilization, which can realize CO₂ emission reduction and renewable energy power conversion and storage at the same time. It has great applied prospects in the fields of CO₂ resource utilization and manned deep space exploration. And with the increasingly severe greenhouse effect and energy crisis, high-temperature solid oxide electrolysis of CO₂ is gradually becoming a research hotspot in the field of international environment and energy. This review analyzes and summarizes the basic principles, key materials, performance degradation, stacks, application fields, efficiency, economy and emission reduction potential of high-temperature solid oxide electrolysis of CO₂. Moreover, in view of the current problems and constraints that limit the industrial application of solid oxide electrolysis of CO₂, multifaceted suggestions and strategies are put forward. This review aims to attract extensive attention in many fields and departments in China, and to promote industrial application of CO₂ electrolysis in solid oxide electrolysis cell.