Abstract: A series of supported Ni2P catalysts on HZSM-5 were prepared via the method of temperatureprogrammed reduction (TPR). The structure characteristics of samples have been characterized by means of N2BET, XRD, and SEM techniques. Thiophene hydrodesulfurization (HDS) was chosen as a model reaction to investigate the influences of Ni loading and initial Ni/P mol ratio. The results show that Ni2P phase is formed on the support of HZSM-5. Ni2P/HZSM-5 catalysts have high activity and excellent stability in thiophene HDS reaction. The preparation factors have great effects on the activity and stability of thiophene HDS reaction. With the increase of Ni2P loading and the initial P/Ni mol ratio, the activity and stability of the Ni2P/HZSM-5 catalyst increase firstly and then decrease. The influence of reaction conditions such as liquid space velocity, reaction temperature, reaction pressure, hydrogen to oil ratio on thiophene HDS performance were also studied. An optimum Ni2P/HZSM-5 catalyst was obtained from the precursor with initial phosphorus (Ni/P=1/3 mol ratio) at Ni loading of around 5%. It has substantially high thiophene HDS conversion (~100%) and stability (more than 100h) at the condition of 370℃, 2.0MPa, a VHSV of 3h-1 and a hydrogen to oil ratio (v/v) of 200.