Abstract: This study focused on the thermal reaction of saturate and aromatics components of Karamay atmospheric residue (KLAR) and Liaohe vacuum residue (LHVR). The reactions were carried out in a micro autoclave with dispersed-phase catalyst under hydrogen atmosphere, and then the thermal reaction kinetic parameters were calculated. Saturate and aromatics were mainly cracked into naphtha and diesel oil fraction without toluene insoluble(TI) during thermal reaction, and a considerable part of aromatics condensed into resin, and further asphaltene. At same reaction conditions, the yields of cracking products and condensation products between KLAR-saturate and LHVR-saturate were not different, but the yields of the cracking products of aromatics in KLVR was slightly higher than that of LHVR, and the yields of the condensation products of aromatics in KLVR was a little lower than that of LHAR.