Abstract: Anhui lignite, Liaoning lignite and Guizhou bitumite were co-processed with Murray residue (MRAR), Karamay residue (KAR) and FCC slurry (FCCS) in an autoclave with molybdenum naphthenate as catalyst, simulating the slurry-phase hydrogenation co-processing. The results show that for two lignites under different oil systems, the conversion of coal exceeds 83%. However, for Guizhou bitumite, a great difference is observed in the coal conversion between FCCS (67.75%) and KAR (50.31%) for co-processing. The solid residues after co-processing were analyzed by FT-IR and SEM, to determine the relative content of aliphatic and aromatic groups and the micro morphology. It is found that the solid residue derived from the KAR system possesses a low content of CH₂/CH₃ and a low substitution degree. Moreover, the solid residues obtained from two lignites with high coal conversion exhibit a looser structure and a higher dispersion of solid particles than that from bitumite with a low coal conversion.